患者谁被排除,因为合并症常规临床试验可能在低强度的干预试验参与中获益急性髓系白血病(AML)或骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS),一项新的研究的结果表明。
“Most clinical studies for AML and MDS exclude patients with comorbidities, active or recent malignancies of other types, organ dysfunction, or poor performance status,” said Guillermo Garcia-Manero, M.D., a professor in the Department of Leukemia at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. “But how these criteria protect patients is unclear. Although some are based on clinical reasoning, it seems that some criteria are in place more to protect the drug or intervention being studied rather than the patient.”
Garcia-Manero博士和他的同事试图确定病人是否会被排除在传统研究上面列出的原因可能是治疗在临床试验中。两阶段的研究包括停止生存、反应和毒性的规则。
单组研究的阶段,在最初的30例(16与MDS和14 AML)接受低剂量的阿扎胞苷+ vorinostat。总有效率为40%,完全有效率为27%;60天总生存率为83%;中位总生存期和无事件生存期分别为7.8和5.1个月。主要不良事件为1级或2级胃肠道毒性反应。
在这项研究中的后续随机相位,79名患者(47 MDS和32与AML)接收到的低剂量的单独的任阿扎胞苷(27例)或阿扎胞苷加伏立诺他(52名患者)的。The monotherapy and combination therapy groups’ 60-day survival rates (67% and 85%, respectively), overall response rates (48% and 46%, respectively), overall survival durations (6.1 and 7.6 months, respectively), and event-free survival durations (3.0 and 5.5 months, respectively) did not differ significantly. Again, the main adverse events were grade 1 or 2 gastrointestinal toxic effects, which occurred more frequently in the combination therapy group (81%) than in the single-therapy group (56%).
单变量分析揭示,一个业绩得分为3或更大,肌酸酐或胆红素2毫克/分升或更多的浓度,并且另一种恶性肿瘤的存在不会不利60天存活,总生存期,或无事件生存率的影响。此外,成人合并症评价-27指数得分2或3没有降低存活持续时间。
Garcia-Manero博士和他的同事得出结论,临床试验中用于AML和MDS患者的标准排除标准应该重新评估。根据研究小组的说法,放宽标准可以使那些预后不佳的患者获得实验性药物,这些患者最有可能从中受益。
该研究结果于12月在第58届血液学美国社会的年会上发表。
OncoLog一月2017年,第62卷,第1期