健康饮食和保持健康的体重的关键是降低你患癌症的风险。我们的专家会帮助你从食物神话分开的好建议。
“我应该还是应该我没有得到PSA测试？”这是问题的大多数人都在问之后最近的报告中讨论这个前列腺检查的有效性。
“Men should not write off the PSA test,” says John W. Davis, M.D., assistant professor in MD Anderson’s Department of Urology. “It is still an effective way to track trends in your prostate over time. Doing this increases the chances that your doctor will find prostate cancer as early as possible.”
戴维斯敦促男人把所有他们的PSA测试结果的记录与他们的医生讨论。
“查看您的PSA结果在过去的四年或更长时间 - 而不是一次性的号码 - 可以帮助医生判断你是否更容易得前列腺癌。”
大多数男性年龄50到75应该得到测试
的前列腺特异性抗原，或PSA，测试是一个简单的血液检查。它测量一个人的血液中PSA的量。PSA是由前列腺细胞产生的蛋白质。
男人得到测试之前应该跟他们的医生。他或她可以解释可能带来的好处和前列腺癌筛查和治疗的风险。
MD Anderson recommends that men ages 50 to 75, with no family history of prostate cancer, get a prostate cancer screening exam every year. African-American men and men with a family history of prostate cancer should begin annual screening exams at age 45. Both a digital rectal exam and a PSA blood test should be performed.
如果你是76岁以上，你的医生可以帮助你决定是否还需要前列腺癌筛查。MD安德森不建议癌症筛查男性年龄85岁以上。
Tips for tracking your PSA levels
“如果你决定你的医生交谈后做PSA测试，开始跟踪您的PSA水平，一旦你开始测试，”戴维斯说。
He suggests the following tips when recording PSA test results:
- Note the testing standard used to find your PSA level each year. Knowing the testing standard helps doctors compare measurements from one year to the next.
- Ask your doctor for the actual PSA number. Don’t just record the results as normal or elevated.
“更低的PSA水平可能表明你有前列腺癌的风险较低，”戴维斯说。“但是，低数量，或正常的结果，并不意味着你就不会得这种病。这是跟踪趋势，为什么随着时间的推移，即使是正常的结果，是非常重要的。”
Monitor PSA trends
监测您的PSA水平的趋势时，戴维斯建议寻找这些警告标志：
- Doubled PSA score: Has your score doubled in a year?
- Speed of increase over time:在血液中的PSA的量在纳克每毫升测定。增幅大于0.35纳克是与前列腺癌的风险较高。专注于随时间而增加，或至少一年。
- 高PSA得分：2.5至4毫微克之间，被认为是高，可能使你处于前列腺癌的风险增加。
其他因素增加的风险
“Your doctor also should consider other factors that may increase your chances for developing prostate cancer,” Davis says.
这些包括：
- 种族：黑人男性得前列腺癌的两倍经常白人。
- Family history:Your risk is higher if your brother, son or father had prostate cancer.
- 年龄：As you get older, your risk increases.
- Abnormal digital rectal exam:不正常的考试成绩增加你的前列腺癌的风险。
“记住，不是每个人应该得到PSA测试，”戴维斯说。“从40岁开始，但是，所有的人应该跟他们的医生有关此测试。他或她可以帮助你决定PSA测试是否是适合你的，以及什么时候开始进行测试。”
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