为什么HPV疫苗接种率如此之低？

国家领导人和癌症中心的代表日前在休斯敦召开会议，审查策略，标题为聚集在NCI指定的癌症中心峰会的美国：一个协作增加HPV疫苗接种过程中提高了人乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗接种率。

从本次峰会汇集了National Cancer Institute (NCI),American Cancer Society (ACS),CDC and more than 35 of the nations’NCI-designated cancer centers。Bruce Gellin, M.D., Deputy Assistant Secretary for Health and Director of the National Vaccine Program Office, delivered the keynote address.

Seventy-five to 80% of the American population will acquire an HPV infection in their lifetimes. The virus is responsible for more than 90% of cervical and anal cancers, approximately 70% of vaginal, vulvar and oropharyngeal cancers, and more than 60% of penile cancers. Oropharyngeal cancers disproportionately affect men and new cases are expected to eclipse that of cervical cancers by the year 2020.

The good news is any of three FDA-approved vaccines are available to prevent most of these cancers. The bad news is vaccination coverage in American adolescents remains extremely low. It’s recommended that all boys and girls get the three-dose vaccine between the ages 11 and 12.

Prevention of HPV-related diseases is a major priority of MD Anderson’s newly unveiledHPV相关的癌症登月。Accomplishing this goal is a two-fold approach that includes increased access to appropriate screening for early diagnosis of cancers and dramatically increasing HPV vaccination rates through education and policy.

仍然存在与此相关的病毒被性病耻辱，家长可能无法适当地教育关于疫苗的安全性，有效性或必要性。此外，有证据表明医生可能不会在适当的年龄适当，建议接种。

今年早些时候，Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)reported only 40% of girls and 21% of boys in the U.S. are receiving the recommended three doses of the vaccine. These rates represent a slight increase from previous years but remain significantly lower than rates reported in many other countries such as Australia (75%), the United Kingdom (84-92%) and Rwanda (93%). Health leaders cite this is as an enormous missed opportunity to prevent many “preventable” cancers.

的一个目标健康人2020计划是在未来五年内增加HPV疫苗在美国80％以上。洛伊丝Ramondetta，医学博士, professor of妇科肿瘤及生殖医学与HPV相关肿瘤登月的共同负责人解释说，对话必须强调这是一种抗癌疫苗，而不是重点引导HPV作为一种性传播疾病。

“虽然我们有这个极好的疫苗，仍然有很大的阻力，缺乏吸收，” Ramondetta说。“我们的目标是找出是否有人已经发现了有用的干预措施，以促进疫苗接种，其他人可以分享和借鉴。”

Several national partners were similarly enthusiastic about combining forces to change the conversation about the HPV vaccine.

A highlight of the summit was the presentation of findings from recently completed environmental scans focused on HPV immunization. Funded by NCI supplemental awards to 18 NCI-designated cancer centers, the results of these scans revealed barriers to increasing vaccination rates in pediatric settings as well as successful strategies that might be adapted by others across the country.

本次峰会的另一个目标是开发癌症中心，为HPV疫苗的分享认可，凸显它作为一种安全有效的宫颈癌预防疫苗为男孩和女孩。此外，初步交谈专注于开发一系列合作行动的，可以跨癌症中心采取提前接种率在美国

“我们认为，从多种癌症中心强烈的声明会，以使人们认识到，这是更多关于不是它是一种性传播疾病与癌症作斗争是有帮助的，” Ramondetta说。

一个工作组在本次峰会上建立敲定被公开在以后的日子共识声明。未来的峰会会带来额外的各方对话，包括工业和医疗报销的合作伙伴，继续在这方面的努力取得进展。

“这是令人兴奋地看到协同工作，以预防癌症提前作为一个领先的优先癌症中心，”说欧内斯特鹰医学博士的MD安德森，副总裁和头部预防癌症和人口科学部。“2015年，我们有一个惊人的机会，使HPV相关的癌症通过HPV疫苗是过去的事情。我们应该永远不会失败采取的这样一个激动人心的机会，保持“。